However, the measurement of sIL-2R is simple compared to the complex story behind this biomarker that has become so central to the study of immune-mediated disease. Why measure soluble interleukin-2 ...

Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related death in industrialised countries. The majority of patients with lung cancer have incurable advanced disease with very poor therapeutic options, so ...

Interleukin-9 is a pleiotropic cytokine associated with allergic inflammation 1 and is a therapeutic target in patients with asthma. Its expression and that of the interleukin-9 receptor are greater ...

Interleukin-12 (IL-12) is a heterodimeric pro-inflammatory cytokine that regulates T-cell and natural killer-cell responses, induces the production of interferon-γ (IFN-γ), favours the differentiation ...

Gene-based immunotherapy for cancer is limited by the lack of safe, efficient, reproducible, and titratable delivery methods. Direct injection of DNA into tissue, although safer than viral vectors, ...

Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Women's College Hospital, and co-authors have found biologics targeting interleukin (IL)-12, IL-23, or IL-17 were associated with a lower rate of serious ...

Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is a pleiotropic cytokine secreted by T cells and macrophages to activate immune responses during infection or after trauma. IL-6 plays an important role in a number of bodily ...

However, imbalances of IL-6 — too much or too little — can cause disease, even in the absence of infection. Excess IL-6 is central to the pathogenesis of inflammatory reactions like rheumatoid disease ...

The following represents disclosure information provided by authors of this manuscript. All relationships are considered compensated. Relationships are self-held unless noted. I = Immediate Family ...