At the core of blockchain networks lies a fundamental architectural principle called layering. Layering in blockchain refers to organizing different functionalities and protocols into separate layers, ...

Layers 7 through 4 are geared more to the application than the lower layers, which are designed to move packets from one place to another no matter what they contain. This top layer defines the ...

According to the OSI Model, the session layer is where connections are established, managed, and torn down. For connection-oriented network protocols, understanding how the session layer works, and ...

Dr. James McCaffrey of Microsoft Research explains how to define a network in installment No. 2 of his four-part series that will present a complete end-to-end production-quality example of ...