An interatomic potential is a set of mathematical rules that describes the complex dance of forces between atoms — how atomic ...

Master Python functions and apply them to solve physics problems efficiently. Learn step-by-step techniques for simulations, calculations, and modeling in physics using Python. Ideal for students, ...

Illustrating physics problems with Web VPython in Python. Learn how to build clear 3D visualizations for motion and forces, and bring physics concepts to life with interactive animations and simple ...

Holding an egg requires a gentle touch. Squeeze too hard, and you'll make a mess. Opening a water bottle, on the other hand, ...